Modeling math
Effort.
Total risk for the utterance: ri is the error of the ith target, and si is its importance.
y is the ith pitch target.
Error for one target.
“We’re optimizing something”
A bar denotes an average over a target.
p is the realized pitch
The yellow box shows an approximation:  The R term is a squared deviation from the ideal target.   The more complex form shown in the first math slide allows us to split that deviation into a shape term (wrong shape) and an offset term (too high/too low).   Those two terms can have different weights.